Motivos que influenciam a não-realização do exame de papanicolaou segundo a percepção de mulheres

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os motivos que influenciaram um grupo de mulheres a nunca ter realizado o exame de Papanicolaou mesmo após iniciarem a atividade sexual. É uma pesquisa qualitativa. Utilizou-se a entrevista a partir da questão norteadora: Por que você nunca tinha realizado o exame preventivo anteriormente? A técnica da análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin foi utilizada para a análise das descrições. As mulheres demonstraram desconhecimento do câncer, da técnica e da importância do preventivo. Revelaram ainda medo na realização e resultado do exame. A vergonha e o constrangimento foram sentimentos expressados por elas pela exposição da intimidade a que se submetem. Expressaram ainda possuírem valores culturais que dificultam mudança de atitude. O acesso ao serviço, ter emprego e filhos também foram relatados como impedimento. Os resultados mostram a importância de ações educativas sobre a necessidade do preventivo ao iniciar as atividades sexuais e desmistificar a técnica e resultado.

Psicoterapia grupal no transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo

There are few published papers about group psychotherapy for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and usually restricted psychoeducational, support or cognitive-behavioral approaches. This article describes the experience of group psychotherapy for OCD patients started in 1996 in Botucatu Medical School - Unesp, São Paulo, Brazil. The two-hour sessions occur once a month, with 6 to 10 female patients, and are based on psychodramatic techniques. Psychotropic prescriptions are given after the sessions. In the beginning, aggressive obsessions were more prominent and were reported with much anguish and shame. Gradually, the themes changed from OCD specific issues (symptoms, pharmacological treatment, outcome, need of exposure and response prevention) to deeper and more personal psychodynamic aspects. The psychodramatic approach (techniques of double, mirror, role inversion, search for prymary scenes) has mostly shown: difficulty in accepting their own human mistakes or negative emotions due to excessive personal demands. This seems to generate guilt, low self-esteem, idealization of others, difficulty in enjoying pleasant situations, fear of taking responsibilities and of losing control (madness/aggressiveness). The group has been considered very important by the patients, since sharing experiences helps to diminish feelings of isolation, shame and guilt, stimulates the exposure to feared situations and enhances self-esteem. The fact that all participants have the same disorder favors group cohesion and provides relief, as they see in the others some of their afflictions and are able to share similar feelings and experiences. Many times the burden of the symptoms are dealt with humor. The confidence in such therapeutic setting is helping the identification and resolution of personal conflicts and contributing to the adherence to pharmacological treatment. The group also provides valuable training experiences for resident physicians in psychiatry.

Psychosocial impact on anophthalmic patients wearing ocular prosthesis

The aim of this study was to assess the improvement in psychosocial awareness of anophthalmic patients wearing ocular prostheses and its relationship with demographic characteristics, factors of loss/treatment, social activity, and relationship between professional and patient. Surveys including a form for evaluation of psychosocial pattern were conducted with 40 anophthalmic patients rehabilitated with ocular prosthesis at the Center of Oral Oncology in the authors' dental school from January 1998 to November 2010. The improvement in psychosocial awareness was assessed by comparing the perception of some feelings reported in the period of eye loss and currently. Wilcoxon tests were applied for comparison of patients' perception between the periods. χ2 tests were used to assess the relationship between the improvement in psychosocial awareness and the variables of the study. In addition, the logistic regression model measured this relationship with the measure of odds ratio. The feelings of shame, shyness, preoccupation with hiding it, sadness, insecurity and fear were significant for improvement in psychosocial awareness. It was concluded that the anophthalmic patients wearing an ocular prosthesis has significant improvement in psychosocial awareness after rehabilitation. © 2012 International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

Formação de professores em orientação sexual: a sexualidade que está sendo ensinada nas nossas escolas

Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC

Timidez na escola: um estudo histórico-cultural

Pós-graduação em Educação - FCT

Sobreviver ao câncer de mama: vivências de mulheres fora de tratamento e o fenômeno da resiliência

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Raízes da Vergonha: um estudo psicossociológico sobre a vivência de trecheiros

Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

O relacionamento fraterno na presença da deficiência

This research was developed during four years, in different regions of the country. Its purpose was to better understand the possible influences that handicapped siblings have on the development of non- handicapped siblings. Participated in the study 80 siblings, with ages ranging between 14 and 26 years. There were 20 siblings of physical handicapped (PH), 20 siblings of auditory handicapped (AH), 20 of mental handicapped (MH), and 20 of non handicapped, in number and ages equivalent.The participants answered a questionnaire containing “characteristics of handicapped person”, “characteristics of respondent sibling”, “characteristics of family”, a questionnaire with eleven closed questions and one open, but for the control group there was on less question. The phenomena studied in this research in some situations present themselves differently for each group of respondent sibling (ex: greater concern of the parents with the MH sibling, calling attention more for siblings of PH and MH, more responsibility in the family, taking care of the handicapped sibling, fear of having handicapped children, and the perception of (in) dependency of the handicapped sibling) and in others present themselves in similar manner (ex: more concern of the parents with the brother with PH, nature of the relationship, to feel or not ashamed of the sibling, talking about the sibling development). In conclusion, some phenomena, so far socially perceived as causing differences in sibling relations and attributed to de presence of a handicap are not, since between siblings of non handicapped these same phenomena present themselves in a similar way. Differently from the control group, siblings of handicapped need correct information, as well as therapeutic support to elaborate feelings of fear, anger, shame that they may have due to their condition. It is important to stress, also, the need that these siblings have to be themselves without the stigma of sibling of handicapped.

Estados emocionais em professores recém-formados: análise contextual

In general, the early career is a period marked by crises. Hubermam (1992) points out that this period is considered by the teacher as one of life's most difficult professional teaching. According to Machado (2004), the physical education worked only in competitive perspective in school, does not contribute to the school to perform its social role. This approach encourages the use of stigmas, labels and prejudices, so common in school, that marginalize even more students from lower classes, and can make the sport of high performance within the school walls create students with low self-esteem and low motivation within other possible disorders . Thus, this study presents the fundamental importance to aid and support to novice teachers, so that they can understand, and address key emotional aspects that interfere in their practice. Thus, our aim was to identify the most recurrent emotional processes in novice teachers identify and also how these emotional states can influence the professional and personal attitudes of these teachers. Through a bibliographic we seek statements, reports and case studies that provide enough material to our analysis and interpretation in order to collaborate with the study area and proceed to proposals that are not unreasonable or tied to the current system. Among the emotional states reported in the literature, we highlight the main, more present and influent in the beginner teacher as listed as follow: Anxiety, Stress, Fear, Shame, Low Self Confidence and Motivation. Considering these states, Damasio (1996) reports that the United Emotional directly influenced the style and efficiency of cognitive processes, in other words, interfere with the performance of teachers in the teaching front. Thus, Machado (2006) points out that the teacher should have a set of techniques and procedures that drive their practice in a manner appropriate to the leading group. Therefore, the knowledge of Psychology of Physical...

Medo, tensão e vergonha: representações negativas de sexualidade na seção sexo da revista Capricho

The magazines destined to the adolescent public are many times searched as a resource of information about sexuality, body, relationships and adolescence. The Capricho magazine is a biweekly feminine magazine directed to teenagers. In this qualitative-descriptive study it was made the content analysis of the section about sex of 18 editions published in 2010 with the aim of identifying and discussing the predominant representations of sexuality. It was identified the predominance of negative representations, like relations between sexuality and fear, tension, shame and beauty imperatives. It can be detached that the feminine sexuality is not approached through its pleasant, positive and health aspects, but through negative representations that, instead of being discussed, are naturalized, put as normal and expected by the magazine’s discourse.

Drug addictions and sexual violence in childhood and adolescence: analyzing life stories

The sexual abuse suffered in childhood and adolescence, in addition to damage to physical and psychological health of the victim, is considered as an important risk factor for alcohol and drugs addiction, development of psychopathology and psychosocial damage in adulthood. In addition to the pain and humiliation that are submitted by the abuse, children and adolescents also experience shame and guilt which require them to adopt coping strategies to endure those feelings. The use of psychoactive substances is a recognized way of dealing with the pains of living. This work, which is of narrative style, analyses and discusses, through five case reports, chemical dependency as a result of sexual abuse suffered in childhood and/or adolescence. The eight subjects in this study are male and have suffered sexual violence in this age period of life. Their ages range from 23 years to 39 years, and all are admitted to a therapeutic community in a city in the interior of Sao Paulo state, in Brazil, for treatment of chemical dependency, being met by the Department of Psychology. The reasons for the choice of the participants for treatment modality for patients are: difficult to stop using drugs, even unwilling to take it, they have easy access to it; the feeling of losing control over their lives; by successive losses as a result of drug use, and for fear that their lives had a tragic ending. With the exception of two participants, the others do not classify that as a child suffered sexual violence. However, all attribute that facilitated their entry into the world of drugs. Seven participants experienced such violence in childhood (between 7 years and 9 years) and adolescence (age 14). The attackers were people closed to the victims—in the case of two victims, their families, with the exception of one participant who was raped by a stranger. Six participants declared themselves as homosexual. Another participant does not claim to be homosexual, but presents difficulties in terms of sexuality. Two participants are HIV positive. The start of psychoactive substances use occurred during adolescence (12 years to 17 years). The participants see drugs as an anesthetic to the pain of the soul, a way to get pleasure, but they get charged expensively, as it increases the feeling of emptiness, guilt, helplessness, worthlessness and hopelessness. Although participants have sought help to deal with addiction, it is noted that throughout the life course the issue of sexual violence was not treated. It was noted that the patients have a double stigma in society: the issue of drugs addiction and the orientation of sexual desire, because the majority of participants are homosexual. The results reinforce the need for effective action geared to accommodate the victims of sexual violence and effective preventive measures to prevent children and adolescents from being abused.

Desvelando a vergonha da vivência de trecheiros na contemporaneidade

This research aimed at identifying the existence of the feeling of shame in “trecheiros” (nomads) in the contemporary world and which meanings were built in those people’s lives. Such comprehension was developed based on the questioning regarding the subject, its history, and its relation with the group and with society. The survey was based on the psychosociological approach and the material was built with reports from eight “trecheiros” who use the services of the C.A.M. (Migrants’ Assistance Center) of Assis, in the State of São Paulo. The data were gathered by means of semidirected interviews, with varied lengths of time. The survey enabled the comprehension of the meanings built by the “trecheiros” from the three aspects which identify this contemporary: the registrations of the body, of the action, and of the feeling. Finally, the feeling of shame was found related to these three aspects, marking the relation of uneasiness between shame and contemporary.

A vergonha na escola: uma análise fenomenológica dos discursos dos alunos

It is common to feel shame in any age. This research reveals the meaning of the shame to children from a municipal school of Valinhos city (São Paulo – Brasil). The point of view of some authors who treat the subject was considered and the shame was analyzed in the student‟s experience of life The method employed was the Qualitative Reserach of the Situated Phenomenon, throug the analyses taken from each pupil and, subsequently, from the general characteristics of the speechs. The shame is every associated to the failure, to the act of err by incompetence or desobedience. Just like the authors studied show, the shame has the feeling and the thinking toghether in the children: the racional and the emotional. The shame could be considered like a circuit: the failure lead to insecurity, fear and shame. Shame is a component of the learning and sometimes can be a limit to it. Children reveals how and when they fell shame. Some authors advise that the selfconfidence and the belief in being able to do the proposed task reduces the chances of the error and, consequently, to the shame.

Dançando o ritmo do preconceito: uma análise do estido waacking com o enfoque no sexo masculino

Understanding dance in all its educational aspects, creative and liberating, this of course work completion back motivating information for new studies and reflections. This study did a literature review to contextualize and detail reach the story and how it perpetuates in practice the dance style Waacking, sought the understanding of how the body is inserted in our society, made notes on the Sport Psychology regarding the topic fear and shame, and pledged to address the conflicting issues of gender and sexuality, to then be possible to develop what has been objectified. This study sought to establish whether there are national publications on the Waacking dance style and what their contributions to the Brazilian context, verifying the presence of stereotypes and prejudices to males in it are inserted. As used method, the survey was conducted in online databases having the following sites as a source of scientific academic content to nationwide: Google Scholar (like the filter to search only in Portuguese language - as the focus of the research is to gather national publications); Journals Portal CAPES / MEC; and SciELO - (Scientific Electronic Library Online). The review process took place using the categorization model, which was essential to be able to extract the information that met relevant from the criteria that have been pre-established, thus enabling the completion of this work Completion of course